Research

Structural discrimination and social stigma among individuals incarcerated for sexual offenses: Reentry across the rural–urban continuum

The stigma associated with a felony conviction can impede the reentry process, and emerging research findings indicate that one’s community can amplify or temper the mark of a criminal record. Researchers examining criminal stigma have focused on individuals living in urban areas, overlooking the experiences of persons outside these communities. Using qualitative data collected from a sample of men and women paroled for sexual offenses in Missouri, we contrast how social and structural stigma alter the reentry experiences for participants…

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National Resource and Technical Assistance Center for Improving Law Enforcement Investigation

Gun crime is a major concern for communities and police agencies. Gun crime affects not only the immediate victims and their families, but the community as a whole. Timely first responders, advanced medical care — and perhaps the poor aim of the shooter — mean saved lives, making shootings that were once fatal events now nonfatal events. Although there is no central repository or data collection system that measures nonfatal shootings, it is nevertheless important that law enforcement expand its…

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An analysis of parole decision making using a sample of sex offenders: A focal concerns perspective

Sex offenders are a unique class of offenders. Although all offenders have been affected by recent punitive policy mandates, changes in the philosophies of the criminal justice system have virtually separated the sexual offender from every other type of criminal (Edwards and Hensley, 2001). As a result, the imprisonment rate for sex offenders has grown faster than for any other crime, and sex offenders serve a larger proportion of their sentence when compared to other offenders (Greenfeld, 1997). On average,…

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Gangs, guns, and drugs: Recidivism among serious, young offenders

The sharp escalation in youthful crime, particularly gun violence, during the 1980s and 1990s has been well documented (Cook and Laub, 1998). General consensus exists in both the public policy and the research com- munities that the dramatic growth in serious violence is largely attributa- ble to the availability of weapons, the recruitment of young people into illicit drug markets (Blumstein, 1995), and gangs (Esbensen and Huizinga, 1993). Because of this research, an inextricable nexus exists among young adults, drugs,…

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